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Ignition potential of muzzle-loading firearms: An exploratory investigation

Informally Refereed

Abstract

The National Technology and Development Program of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, was asked to conduct an exploratory study on the ignition potential of muzzle-loading firearms. The five independent variables investigated include projectile type, powder type, powder load, patch thickness, and patch lubricant treatment. Indoor testing was performed at 90 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and 15 percent relative humidity (RH), the most extreme environmental conditions that could be simulated in the laboratory. Craft paper was used as the ignition receptor. No ignitions were obtained with patch-less (conical) projectiles, indicating that powder was not a source of ignition during our tests. Round ball patches were found to be a potential source of ignition. Dry (nonlubricated) patches had the highest probability of ignition. Ignition potential mitigation could include the use of conical projectiles or lubricated patches.

Keywords

ignition potential, muzzle-loading firearms, projectile type, powder type, powder load, patch thickness, patch lubricant treatment

Citation

Haston, David V.; Finney, Mark A.; Horcher, Andy; Yates, Philip A.; Detrich, Kahlil. 2009. Ignition potential of muzzle-loading firearms: An exploratory investigation. 5100 - Fire Management; 0951 1802 - SDTDC. San Dimas, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Technology and Development Program. 21 p.
https://www.fs.usda.gov/research/treesearch/33186